What is the difference between malware, a virus, and a threat?

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Virus :

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– Definition ⇒ A specific type of (malware) that attaches itself to legitimate files or programs to replicate and spread.

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– Behavior :

Activation ⇒ Requires execution of the infected file or program.

Replication ⇒ Spreads by attaching to other files or programs.

Damage ⇒ Can delete files,

⇒ corrupt data,

⇒ or make systems inoperable.

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– Examples :

ILOVEYOU Virus ⇒ Spread via email attachments, causing widespread damage ⇒ by overwriting files.

Melissa Virus ⇒ Propagated through infected Word documents

⇒ leading to email system disruptions.

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malicious software (Malware) :

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– Definition ⇒ Any software intentionally designed to cause harm to a computer system, network, or data.

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– Types :

Viruses ⇒ Require a (host file) to replicate.

Worms ⇒ (Self-replicate) and spread without needing a host file.

Trojans ⇒ (Disguise) themselves as legitimate software ⇒ to gain access.

Ransomware ⇒ (Encrypts) files and demands ransom for decryption.

Spyware ⇒ (Monitors) user activity (without consent).

Adware ⇒ (Displays) unwanted ads and can track user behavior.

Rootkits ⇒ (Hide their presence) ⇒ to maintain unauthorized access.

Keyloggers ⇒ (Record keystrokes) ⇒ to capture sensitive information.

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Threat :

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– Definition ⇒ Any potential danger or risk that could exploit a vulnerability to cause harm to a system or data.

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– Types :

Cyber Threats ⇒ Include malware, hacking attempts, phishing scams, etc.

Physical Threats ⇒ Hardware theft, physical damage, etc.

Human Threats ⇒ Insider threats, social engineering, etc.

– Examples :

Phishing ⇒ Attempt to trick users into revealing sensitive information.

Exploits ⇒ Using known vulnerabilities in software to gain unauthorized access.

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Summary :

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⇒ Malware ⇒ General term for malicious software.

⇒ Virus ⇒ (Specific type of malware) that requires a host file to spread and replicate.

⇒ Threat ⇒ Broader concept referring to any potential risk, which may (include malware, viruses, and other security risks).